1. Plan.

Before you ask for anything, make a plan. Decide what you want and who can help you get it. Know what you will say so you don't forget important points or lose your nerve.

2. Look for opportunities.

Wait until the person who can help you get what you want is having a good day. If it's a bad day, wait until tomorrow.

3. Listen.

Figure out what that person will get out of helping you. If you can fill a need for him, too, you'll have a win all around.

4. Ask.

Don't assume your supervisor will notice what a great job you're doing and volunteer a raise or anything else. Ask for exactly what you want.

5. Follow up.

When someone says yes, thank her—and mean it. Even if the answer is no, thank the person for considering your request. Keep in touch. Maybe you can help each other another time.