Rich Douglas

“What’s the difference between leadership and management?” "Ha,” you might think, “that’s easy”:You manage things but lead people.Anyone can learn to manage, but real leaders are born.Leadership is getting people to do what they don’t want to do. Each of these dances around the concepts, but don’t truly hit the mark. Let’s take them in reverse order. Leadership is getting people to do what they don’t want to do.This one is close—often, leaders must get their people to do undesired or unpleasant things. But this is just a piece of leadership—motivation, specifically. Anyone can learn to manage, but real leaders are born.This is the classic struggle between “trait theory” and “behavioral theory,” the question of whether people are born leaders or if leadership can be learned. Let’s cut through the noise, shall we? Leadership can be learned. After all, if leadership is based on the traits you’re born with, what’s the point of spending billions of dollars on leadership development programs every year? What’s with all that science and those books and magazine articles? Do the traits we’re born with determine our leadership potential? No, but they influence it. Sure, being intelligent, brave, and well-spoken are examples of traits that help you become a better leader. But they’re not mandatory. And how many leaders have you known who are too smart for their own good (“intelligent”), foolhardy (“brave”), and who are all talk and no action (“well-spoken”)? Traits, undisciplined by leadership behaviors, can hurt your leadership ability. You manage things but lead people.This one is a classic. And it is dead wrong! The implication here is that management is a way to control objects, processes, projects, and so forth. That part is right. But it’s also very true that people are managed. There is even a job title for people who do this: managers! Leadership—the interpersonal kind—is considered one of the functions of being a manager. However, it’s a limited way of looking at leadership and management, as if we happily chug along managing our responsibilities until we need to pull out some leadership in dealing with our people. No, it’s much more fluid than that, a lot more challenging, and a lot more fun.All right, so what is a good distinction between leadership and management? As things unfold in this article, you’ll see why this one works:Management is keeping things on track. Leadership is going someplace new.Let’s look at these two ideas and see how they’re different.Management is keeping things on track. Back in the day, railroad engines ran on steam. In the early days, they got that steam by burning wood in a furnace that, in turn, heated water, which created the steam that powered the engine. In the cabin was a conductor who drove the train, and a “fireman” responsible for keeping the furnace stoked with wood. He was also required to keep an eye on the pressure gauge, ensuring it didn’t get too high (and explode) or too low (the train would slow down or even stop). The fireman managed the furnace/boiler to ensure it ran correctly and knew what adjustments to make to keep it that way. Leadership is going someplace new. Let’s stay with trains for this one. Have you ever flown with Southern Pacific Airways? Or Baltimore-Ohio Air? Of course not. You can’t; they don’t exist. But trains used to be the fastest way for passengers to travel around the country. (Southern Pacific and Baltimore-Ohio were passenger train companies.) Not anymore, of course. And when passenger plane service was introduced, it was with new companies. Why not train companies? Why didn’t they introduce air travel so they could keep their valuable (and lucrative) passenger service? Because they saw themselves as train companies. But what if, instead, they had the foresight to imagine themselves in the people-moving business? It would have been natural for them to upgrade their technology (from trains to planes) to stay in the business of passenger travel. Instead, a lack of leadership—the ability to go someplace new—took them completely out of that business. (The passenger train business was completely wiped out, reduced to one publicly subsidized company—Amtrak—operating at a loss each year. And don’t even get me started on how the long-range bus companies suffered the same fate!) Leadership could have brought them into the future. Instead, a lack of leadership (and a key component of it: vision) took them out…for good.So, you manage people and lead them on an interpersonal level. Organizations require strategic leadership to guide them into the future. Which are you (and will you be)? Hopefully, both!

Classic Distinctions Between Leadership and Management—Why They’re Wrong

Most problems leaders face are “technical” ones—simple to complicated with known solutions. This is the crux of management. But then there’s VUCA—Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity, and Ambiguity. And when are things not VUCA? Real strategic leadership is situated in VUCA, with leaders faced with heading into the unknown. It’s during these trying times that having a coach can really help. Coaches are trained professionals, working as partners with their clients toward success. They ask questions, provide frameworks for analyzing situations, challenge assumptions, probe deeply into situations, and much more. Coaches within a leadership development program can reinforce learning, help participants transfer their learning into performance, and help address just about anything else that comes up in the client’s life. Outside of a formal leadership development program, coaches can still partner with their clients as they navigate through challenges and opportunities, especially the ones located in VUCA. Coaches can specialize in many areas, including career coaching, wellness, physical fitness, and yes, leadership. Coaches certified by the International Coaching Federation are highly trained and experienced in helping their clients reach new heights of success. The more uncertain the future is, the more value you’ll get from bringing in coaches to work with your strategic leaders for organizational success. 

VUCA Got Ya? Get a Coach!

It is often the goal of talent developers to run their own learning organizations, especially at a strategic level. Opportunities to become a chief learning officer (CLO) are rare. But it’s not enough to find (or create) one—you’ve also got to be ready for it when that happens! There’s a lot written about having “a seat at the table” and what to do when you get there. However, there is precious little advice on how to prepare yourself for the role. In this article, I’m going to suggest four areas for your development: Technical Expertise, Strategic Leadership Skills, Business Savvy, and Adult Stage Development.Technical ExpertiseAs managers move into more senior leadership roles, they still need to understand the ins and outs of their professional areas. This gives them context and understanding of their organization’s mission and activities, and what they bring to the table when helping to run the organization. Do you have one of our professional certifications, the Associate Professional in Talent Development (APTD®) or the Certified Professional in Talent Development (CPTD®)? Or perhaps one or more professional certificates, like ATD’s Instructional Design, Project Management, or Master Trainer? On the academic side, have you completed a degree (or advanced degree) in a talent development field? However you approach it, continuing to build your technical expertise will give you greater skills and credibility.Strategic Leadership SkillsCLOs must go beyond managing their function. They must become business leaders as part of the senior leadership team of their organization. To function at that level, they must learn to be strategic leaders. Managers solve technical problems with known solutions. But strategic leaders solve adaptive challenges—new and complex trials that require advanced leadership skills like innovation, adaptability, perseverance, and systems thinking.Business SavvyAt the CLO level, it’s no longer enough to merely understand your own contributions to the mission. You’ll also have to develop a full grasp of the entire enterprise and a true appreciation of the competitive, external environment. In short, you must become a businessperson. What does the business or organization do? How does it do it? For whom? Against whom? What are its headiest challenges and opportunities, and where are the weaknesses and threats to its success? And, most importantly, how does the talent development organization contribute to all of it?Adult Stage DevelopmentWe’re all familiar with the stages children go through as they develop into adults. But did you know that adults keep developing to later stages, too? They do. And these developments correlate strongly with leadership success. While the other three areas deal with various competencies, this is about your capacity to stay in uncertainly longer, to consider multiple alternative solutions to a challenge—or even multiple realities in a situation. Can you cope with—and succeed in—greater VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity)? Are you able to lead your organization through the unknown toward the new reality?So, how do you do all of that? I’m sure as talent developers you’re already thinking about the possibilities. There are specific methods for transforming managers into strategic leaders. But those will have to wait for another day!